Unit XII:

Chapter 24 Industry, Empire and

Everyday Life, 1870-1890

§       Chapter 25 Modernity and the Road to War, 1890-1914

AP FRQ Essays:

• Analyze the intellectual foundations of religious toleration in eighteenth-century Europe. (2006 B)

• In the period 18 15-1900, political liberalization progressed much further in Western Europe than in Russia. Analyze the social and economic reasons for this difference. (2006 A)

• Compare and contrast the relationship between the artist and society in the Renaissance/Reformation period to the relationship between the artist and society in the late nineteenth century. (2006 A)

• Historians speak of the rise of mass politics in the period from 1880 to 1914. Define this phenomenon and analyze its effects on European politics in this period. (2005A)

• Discuss the impact of industrialization and urbanization on working-class families from 1750 to 1900. (2005 B)

• Describe and analyze responses to industrialization by the working class between 1850 and 1914. (2003 B)

• Contrast the impact of nationalism in Germany and the Austrian Empire from 1848 to 1914. (2004 A)

• Analyze how and why western European attitudes toward children and child-rearing changed in the period from 1750 to 1900. (2001)

• Evaluate how the ideas of Charles Darwin and Sigmund Freud challenged Enlightenment assumptions about human behavior and the role of reason. (2000)

Man for the field and woman for the hearth:

Man for the sword and for the needle she:

Man with the head and women from the heart:

Man to command woman to obey:

• How accurately do the lines of poetry above reflect gender roles for European men and women in the late nineteenth century? (2000)

• Contrast the ways in which the paintings shown express the artistic and intellectual concerns of the eras in which the works were created. (2004 B)

Raphael The School of Athens

Pablo Picasso Les Demoiselles d Avignon 1907

 Other Potential Essays:

• How has imperialism been defended or attacked?
• Was nationalism of the nineteenth century progressive or a regressive force?
• Evaluate the effectiveness of collective responses by workers to industrialization in Western Europe during the course of the 19th Century.
• Analyze and compare the effects of nationalism on Italian and Austro-Hungarian politics between 1815 and 1914.
• Assess the extent to which the unification of Germany under Bismarck led to authoritarian government there between 1871 and 1914.
• Discuss the process by which Great Britain continues to give representation to new groups throughout the 1800s.  In what other places in British history do such patterns exist?
• How do the reigns of Alexanders II & III fit in with their predecessors going back to Peter the Great?  What historical patterns, if any, can you identify?
• Discuss the instability of the Austrian Regime from 1848 to 1914.  In what ways is this instability stirring the larger pot of European conflict?
• Evaluate the effectiveness of collective responses by workers to industrialization in Western Europe during the course of the 19th century.
• Analyze the key developments that characterized the European economy in the second half of the 19th century.
• Describe the physical transformation of European cities in the second half of the nineteenth century and analyze the social consequences of this transformation.
• Discuss the ways European Jews were affected by, and responded to, liberalism, nationalism, and anti-semitism in the 19th century.
• Compare and contrast the roles of British working women in the preindustrial economy (before 1750) with their roles in the era 1850 to 1920.